Literature on IKA Calorimetry and AOD 1 Decomposition System for Halogen and Sulfur Determination
1. New Aspects Within Calorimetry
Since the invention of the first isothermal ice-calorimeter the development of calorimetric measuring systems has made rapid progress. The precision of recording calorific values has markedly improved. But the problem in calorimetry was and is that different measuring methods are permitted. Up to now two basic methods are globally recognized.
(adiabatic Calorimeter method, isoperibolic Calorimeter Method, DIN, ASTM, Decomposition vessel)
2. Counting Calories
Hubert Pinhack, IKA-Werke, Germany, examines the advantages of using calorimeters to measure and compare the energy potential of different products.
(Calorimeter methods, measuring accuracy, sample rack, combustible / disposable crucible, decomposition, determination of Halogens and Sulfur)
3. Useful Peripheral Equipment for Calorimetry
Various accessories have been developed for the C 5000 Calorimeter System, offering the user even more possibilities for simpler, timely analysis
(Combustible- / disposable crucible, analysis of combustion gases, biomass, Calorimeter Software)
4. Measuring Calories in Food
Did you ever wonder how the “calories” on your favorite food labels are determined? How did they know that seven pretzels equate to 130 calories, or that one cup of herbal tea will cost you two calories? There are actually a number of different ways to calculate the amount of calories in food.
(Prof. Attwater, Bomb Calorimeter, combustion process, physical calorific value and physiological calorific value)
5. Calorimetry in the Cement Industry
Cement production, and cement clinker burning in particular, involves continuous processes; special importance is placed on controlling the flows material with respect to quantity and composition on the basis of continuously-monitored characteristics.
(Cement kiln, the adiabatic principle)
6. Halogen and Sulfur Determination
The present report shows the suitability of the combination procedure, consisting of AOD-decomposition and ion-chromatography, for a simultaneous halogen and sulfur determination in multitude of different matrices. The decomposition permits a determination of ion contents also in samples the organic matrices of which prevented an easy and safe ion analysis so far. Apart from a simplification of analytics, the quality increase of the analyzed data is also remarkable compared to conventional procedures.
(Recycling, AOD 1)
7. Determination of the fluorine chlorine bromine and sulfur content after combustion disclosure
The presentation demonstrates a method to achieve a fast parallel determination of F, Cl, Br, and S contents in combustible material including the determination of gross calorific value and thermal value.
The principle of the analysis is based on the complete oxidation of the organic sample matrix by combustion in a calorimetric container after applying an oxygen partial pressure of 30 bar. Organic halides and sulfur compounds are thereby converted into the corresponding halides and HSO3. After all combustion products are transferred into an aqueous absorption media, the halide and sulfate contents are evaluated by ion chromatography. The total procedure is completed within 20-30 Minutes and can be reproduced easily. The detection limits of the individual elements are under 0.01 weight percent.
(Calorimeter, combustion disclosure, ion chromatography, elementary analysis, AOX)
8. Determination of Calorific values with simultaneous Halogen and Sulfur Decomposition
In waste management, and especially in its analytical field, high standards are demanded from waste disposing firms in meeting the existing high environmental requirements.
It is not enough to dispose of waste somehow. A qualified company knows by means of its declaration and identification analytics the composition of the waste and informs the waste producer about it, conducts advisory discussions and gives product-specific assistance. This way any possible environmental pollution will be effectively prevented.
(Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Sulfur, Ion Chromatography, Calorimeter)
9. Simultaneous Halogen and Sulfur Determination after a combustion decomposition in a calorimeter
A simultaneous determination of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and sulfur contents can be carried out with high reproducibility, with retrieval rates of almost 100% and with short decomposition times after the combustion decomposition in a decomposition bomb. After the quantitative absorption of inorganic combustion products in an aqueous medium, joined by an ion chromatographic separation, detection limits below 10 ppm are easily obtained.
(AOD 1, AOX)
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